Throat cancer is cancer that are present in nasopharing, between the back of the nose, and esophagus. Cancer is a malignant tumor of the head and neck area. Almost 60% of malignant tumors of the head and neck cancer is nasopharing, followed by malignant tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses (18%), larynx (16%), and malignant tumors of the mouth cavity, tonsillar surgeries, hipofaring in low percentage.
Signs and symptoms
Nasopharing cancer symptoms can be divided into four groups, namely:
• Symptoms of nasopharing, in the form of Nosebleed lightweight (out of the blood through nose) or nasal obstruction. This happens if the cancer is still early.
• Symptoms of ear, is an early symptoms that arise because of the place of origin of the tumor is near the mouth of the tuba Eustachius (channel link nose-ear). The symptoms can be buzzing ears, discomfort in the ear, to pain.
• Symptoms of eyes and nerves, it can occur as a symptom of information because the nasopharing is closely related to the cavity of the skull where the entrance the nerves of the brain. Symptoms may include pain in the head, pain in the neck and face (trigeminal neuralgia), overcast, visibility two (monocular).
• Symptoms of metastatic/widespread or symptoms in the neck. A swelling in the neck because of swelling of the lymph glands
The Cause Of
In General cancer caused due to the growth of cancer cells that are not controlled. Cancer can also arise due to heredity (genetic), environment, and also the virus. Nasopharing cancer caused due to the growth of cancer cells that are not controlled in the nasopharing. However, in many cases, due to the existence of nasopharing carsinoma heredity (genetic).
As for the cause of the existence of a risk factor for cancer nasopharing, among others:
1. Eat salty food
2. Virus
3. Genetics
4. Smoking and consuming alcohol.
Diagnosis
As in most cases, the doctor will ask a few questions about the signs and symptoms are experienced. After that the doctor will start hitting the thy neck lymph gland where there is a swell. Some of the signs and symptoms of cancer is indeed not too specific. This inspection may be continued for several months.
If cancer is suspected, the doctor will start using the endoscope to see abnormal nasopharing. In its use of local anesthesia required. After that, taken biopsy (sample) which are then tested if it is cancer.
Then the doctor will determine the stage of cancer it by means of:
-MRI (helps see the cancer that spreads around the head)
-CT scan (see cancer that spread to the bones)
-Taking the biopsy: this is used to view the cancer in the lymph glands.
-X-ray (see cancer that spreads to the lungs)
As for the level of this cancer are:
1. Stage 0: cancer cells still are in the nasopharing, commonly referred to with the nasopharynx in situ
2. Stage 1: cancer cells spread in part nasopharing
3. Stage 2: cancer cells have spread to more than nasopharing to the nasal cavity. Or may have spread to lymph nodes on one side of the neck.
4. Stage 3: the cancer has invaded the lymph glands on all sides of the neck
5. Stage 4: the cancer has already spread to nerve and bone around the face.
Of levels that the doctor can determine the right type of treatment for sufferers.
The Treatment Of
Several kinds of treatment for sufferers of nasopharing carsinoma, among others:
1. radiation therapy
This therapy can destroy with the rapidly-growing cancer cells. Therapy is conducted over the past 5-7 weeks. This therapy is used for cancer at the beginning.
Side effects of this therapy is: the mouth feels dry, hearing loss and the risk of onset of therapy this zoom cancer on the tongue and bone cancer.
2. Chemotherapy
It is a therapy using the help of drugs. This therapy works by reducing the cancer cells, but occasionally a healthy cells (not exposed to cancer) is also reduced.
Side effects of this therapy is: hair loss, nausea, lethargy (such as loss of power). Side effects that arise depending on the type of drug that is given.
3. Surgery
The goal of surgery is to take the lymph that have been affected by cancer.
